TLDR: some of the Jasmine and AngularJS test apis don't work (although Angular does seem to work ok)
Here is the default web page I was using:

Here is the test executed

Here is KarmaJS starting and successfully executing the tests

... in this captured IE browser session:

Just to confirm that the target page works in the multiple IE configurations, here it is running in:
IE 10 , IE9, IE 8:

... and even in IE 7:

Now lets click on the DEBUG button to open the KarmaJS's AngularJS Scenario Test Runner view and see what happens in multiple IE compatibility modes.
IE 10 Works:

IE 10 Compatibility View

IE 9 Fails:

IE 8 Works (WTF!!)

IE 7 Fails

So unfortunately it looks like this technique can't be used to run e2e (end-to-end) tests on AngularJS apps using KarmaJS